Persian/Farsi
/The Persian language has been written with a number of different scripts, including the Old Persian Cuneiform, Pahlavi, Aramaic, and Avestan, Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. After the Islamic conquest of the Persian Sassanian Empire in 642 AD, Arabic became the language of government, culture and especially religion.
Modern Persian appeared during the 9th century. It is written in a version of the Arabic script and is full of words of Arabic origin. There are also two methods of writing Persian with the Latin alphabet.
Under Mongolian and Turkish rulers, Persian was adopted as the language of government in Turkey, central Asia and India, where it was used for centuries, and until after 1900 in Kashmir.
Persian is a member of the Iranian branch of Indo-European languages spoken by about 130 million people, mainly in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. There are also significant numbers of speakers in many other countries, including Uzbekistan, Bahrain, Iraq, Turkey, Kuwait, Azerbaijan, Israel, Turkmenistan, Oman, Yemen, the UAE and the USA.
In Afghanistan Persian is known as Dari or Dari- Persian, while in Tajikistan it is known as Tajiki.
Persian, Farsi or Parsi
The official language of Iran is sometimes called Farsi in English and other languages. This is a correct translation of the native name of the language, however many, including the ISO and the Academy of Persian Language and Literature, prefer the name Persian for the language. Some speakers use the older local name: Parsi.
Iran/ Persia
Until 1935, the official name of the country currently known as Iran was Persia, though the Persian people have called their country Iran since the Sassanid period.
Persian alphabet
Type of writing system: abjad-includes letters only for consonants. Vowels, when indicated, are written with diacritics and/ or combinations of consonant letters.
Direction of writing: right to left in horizontal lines; numerals written from left to right.
Iranian Languages
Avestan, Baluchi, Bartangi, Dari, Gilaki, Ishkashimi, Juhuri, Khufi Kurdish, Luri, Mazandarani, Ossetian, Oroshor, Persian, Pashto, Rushani, Sanglechi, Sarikoli, Shabaki, Shughni, Tajik, Talysh, Tat, Wakhi, Yaghnobi, Zazaki.
Here are the name of some famous Poets, Philosopher, Authors of Persia
Modern Persian appeared during the 9th century. It is written in a version of the Arabic script and is full of words of Arabic origin. There are also two methods of writing Persian with the Latin alphabet.
Under Mongolian and Turkish rulers, Persian was adopted as the language of government in Turkey, central Asia and India, where it was used for centuries, and until after 1900 in Kashmir.
Persian is a member of the Iranian branch of Indo-European languages spoken by about 130 million people, mainly in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. There are also significant numbers of speakers in many other countries, including Uzbekistan, Bahrain, Iraq, Turkey, Kuwait, Azerbaijan, Israel, Turkmenistan, Oman, Yemen, the UAE and the USA.
In Afghanistan Persian is known as Dari or Dari- Persian, while in Tajikistan it is known as Tajiki.
Persian, Farsi or Parsi
The official language of Iran is sometimes called Farsi in English and other languages. This is a correct translation of the native name of the language, however many, including the ISO and the Academy of Persian Language and Literature, prefer the name Persian for the language. Some speakers use the older local name: Parsi.
Iran/ Persia
Until 1935, the official name of the country currently known as Iran was Persia, though the Persian people have called their country Iran since the Sassanid period.
Persian alphabet
Type of writing system: abjad-includes letters only for consonants. Vowels, when indicated, are written with diacritics and/ or combinations of consonant letters.
Direction of writing: right to left in horizontal lines; numerals written from left to right.
Iranian Languages
Avestan, Baluchi, Bartangi, Dari, Gilaki, Ishkashimi, Juhuri, Khufi Kurdish, Luri, Mazandarani, Ossetian, Oroshor, Persian, Pashto, Rushani, Sanglechi, Sarikoli, Shabaki, Shughni, Tajik, Talysh, Tat, Wakhi, Yaghnobi, Zazaki.
Here are the name of some famous Poets, Philosopher, Authors of Persia
- Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī
- Al Amiri
- Allameh Tabatabaei
- Avicenna/ Abu-Ali Sina
- Abdol Hossein Khosrow Panah
- Gholamhossein Ebrahimi Dinani
- Ahmad Fardid
- Farabi
- al-Ghazali
- Ayn-al-Qudat Hamadani
- Hossein Nasr
- Omar Khayyam
- Abu Tahir Marwazi
- Mir Damad
- Ibn Miskawayh
- Mir Fendereski
- Mir Damad
- Mulla Hadi Sabzevari
- Mazdak
- Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi
- Nasir Khusraw
- Ostanes
- Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
- Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
- Mulla Sadra
- Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi
- Abu Yaqub Sijistani
- Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi
- Shaykh Tusi
- Nasir al-Din Tusi
- al-Zamakhshari
- Zoroaster
- Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi (ابن زکریا الرازی)
- Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī (ابن موسی الخوارزمی)
- Abdullah Ibn al-Muqaffa (ابن مقفع)
- Bukhari (بخاری)
- Sibawayh (سیبویه)
- Baladhuri (بلاذری)بن مو
- Rudaki (رودکی)
- Mansur Al-Hallaj (منصور حلاج)
- Shahid Balkhi (ابوالحسن شهيدبن حسين جهودانکي بلخی)
- Ferdowsi فردوسی
- Abusaeid Abolkheir ابوسعید ابوالخیر
- Rudaki رودکی
- Abu Mansur Daqiqi ابومنصور دقیقی
- Mansur Al-Hallaj منصور حلاج
- Abolfazl Beyhaghi ابوالفضل بیهقی, historian
- Unsuri عنصری
- Rabi'a Balkhi رابعه بلخی
- Asjadi عسجدی
- Farrukhi Sistani فرخی سیستانی
- Kisai Marvazi کسائی مروزی
- Abu Shakur Balkhi ابوشکور بلخی
- Ayyuqi عیوقی
- Abu'l Hasan Mihyar al-Daylami (d. 1037)
- Asad Gorgani
- Asjadi
- Ferdowsi, poet (925–1020)
- Omar Khayyám, poet (1048–1131)
- Hujviri d1073
- Abusaeid Abolkheir
- Sanai Ghaznavi
- Abdul Qadir Jilani
- Manuchihri
- Sanaayi
- Abolfazl Beyhaghi, historian
- Nasir Khusraw, traveller, writer and poet
- Farrokhi Sistani (فرخی سيستانی), poet
- Baba Tahir Oryan
- Rabi'ah Quzdari
- Abu-al-faraj Runi
- Keykavus Eskandar
- Nizam al-Mulk, author of Siyasatnama
- Azraqi
- Masud Sa'd Salman
- Uthman Mukhtari
- Qatran Tabrizi
- Mughatil ibn Bakri
- Asadi Tusi
- Nizami Arudhi Samarqandi
- Nizami
- Imam Muhammad Ghazali
- Abhar
- Adib Sabir ادیب صابر
- Am'aq عمعق بخارائی
- Anvari انوری ابیوردی
- Farid al-Din Attar, poet (about 1130-about 1220) فریدالدین عطار نیشاپوری
- Omar Khayyam, poet (1048–1131) عمر خیام
- Nizami, poet (about 1140-about 1203) نظامی
- Saadi, poet (1184-1283/1291?) سعدی
- Sheikh Ruzbehanشیخ روزبهان
- Abdul Qadir Jilaniعبدالقادر گیلانی
- Khaqani Shirvani خاقانی شروانی
- Sanaayiسنایی
- Sheikh Ahmad Jami
- Muhammad Aufi
- Falaki Shirvani
- Hassan Ghaznavi, poet
- Sanai Ghaznavi, poet
- Mu'izzi
- Ibn Balkhi
- Uthman Mukhtari
- Mahsati, poet مهستی گنجوی
- Rashid al-Din Muhammad al-Umari Vatvat خولجه رشید الدین وطواط
- Nizami Arudhi Samarqandiنظامی عروضی سمرقندی
- Farid al-Din Attar, poet (about 1130-about 1230)
- Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, poet (1207–1273)
- Sultan Walad
- Saadi, poet (1184-1283/1291?)
- Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, (1247–1318)
- Amir Khosravi Dehlavi
- Shams Tabrizi
- Sheikh Ruzbehan
- Zahed Gilani
- Khwaju Kermani
- Mahmoud Shabestari
- Najmeddin Razi
- Muhammad Aufi
- Qazi Beiza'i
- Awhadi Maraghai
- Auhaduddin Kermani
- Ghiyas al-Din ibn Rashid al-Din
- Ata-Malik Juvayni
- Hafez, poet (born about 1310–1325) حافظ
- Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, Jewish convert into Islam (1247–1318)
- Amir Khusrow, امیر خسرو دهلوی
- Shams Tabrizi شمس تبریزی
- Khwaju Kermani خواجوی کرمانی
- Mahmoud Shabestari شیخ محمود شبستری
- Ubayd Zakani عبید زاکانی
- Shahin Shirazi
- Junayd Shirazi
- Qasem-e Anvar
- Ghiyas al-Din ibn Rashid al-Din
- Shah Nimatullah Wali
- Jami, poet (1414–1492)
- Mir Ali Shir Nava'i, poet (1441–1501)
- Imrani, poet (1454–1536)
- Teimuraz I of Kakheti (Tahmuras Khan)
- Sheikh Bahaii, Scientist, architect, philosopher, and poet (1546–1620)
- Vahshi Bafghi
- Teimuraz I of Kakheti (Tahmuras Khan)
- Abul Ma'āni Abdul Qader Bedil (1642–1720)
- Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708) - Composed the famous Zafarnamah
- Zeb-un-Nissa Makhfi (1637–1702)
- Sheikh Bahaii, Scientist, architect, philosopher, and poet (1546–1620)
- Bhai Nand Lal (1633–1713)
- Hazin Lahiji (حزین لاهیجی)
- Hatef Esfehani, poet (هاتف اصفهانی
- Mohammad-Taghi Bahar, malek al sho'ra محمد تقی بهار(ملک الشعرا)
- Ali Akbar Dehkhoda, linguist and journalist علی اکبر دهخدا
- Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib مرزا اسد اللہ خان غالب
- Mirzadeh Eshghi میرزاده عشقی
- Reza Gholi Khan Hedayat, poet and historian رضا قلی خان هدایت
- Iraj Mirza ایرج میرزا
- Ebrahim Poordavood, ancient languages, Avesta ابراهیم پور داوود
- Aref Qazvini عارف قزوینی
- Hassan Roshdieh حسن رشدیه
- Táhirih Qorrat al-'Ayn, Babi poet and theologian
- Farrokhi Yazdi فرخی یزدی
- Allama Muhammad Iqbal محمد اقبال Allama.
- Sheyda Gerashi, poet and Panegyrist شیدای گراشی
- Abdumalik Bahori, Tajik-Persian poet
- Abdolkarim Soroush, philosopher
- Abolghasem Lahouti, communist poet (ابوالقاسم لاهوتی)
- Ahmad Kamyabi Mask, writer and translator (احمد کامیابی مسک)
- Ahmad Kasravi (احمد کسروی)
- Ahmad Raza Khan (احمد رضا خان)
- Ahmad Shamlou (احمد شاملو), poet
- Ali Akbar Dehkhoda, linguist (علی اکبر دهخدا)
- Ali Mohammad Afghani, writer (علی محمد افغانی)
- Ali Shariati, sociologist and theologian (علی شریعتی)
- Aref Qazvini, (عارف قزوینی)
- Asad Gulzoda, poet
- Aziz Motazedi, novelist (عزیز معتضدی)
- Bahman Sholevar, writer and poet (بهمن شعله ور)
- Bahram Bayzai, playwight (بهرام بیضایی)
- Bilal Yousaf, writer, critiquer
- Bozorg Alavi, (بزرگ علوی) writer
- Dariush Shayegan (داریوش شایگان)
- Ebrahim Nabavi, satirist (ابراهیم نبوی)
- Ehsan Naraghi, Scholar, sociologist and writer
- Ezzat Goushegir
- Farzona, poet (Фарзона/فرزانه)
- Farahnaz Amirsoleymani, author and illustrator (فرحناز امیرسلیمانی)
- Farrokhi yazdi, poet (فرخی یزدی)
- Farzaneh Aghaeipour (فرزانه آقاییپور)
- Fereidoon Tavallali, poet (فریدون توللی)
- Fereydoun Moshiri, poet (فريدون مشيری)
- Forough Farrokhzad, poet (فروغ فرخزاد)
- Ghazaleh Alizadeh, novelist (غزاله علیزاده)
- Gholam Hossein Saedi, writer
- Gholamhossein Mosahab, encyclopedist (غلامحسین مصاحب)
- Gulnazar Keldi, Tajik poet
- Hamid Dabashi, scholar and cultural critic
- Hamid Mosadegh(حمید مصدق)
- Hassan Roshdieh (حسن رشدیه)
- Heydar Yaghma (حیدر یغما)
- Houshang Golshiri (هوشنگ گلشیری)
- Houshang Moradi Kermani (هوشنگ مرادی کرمانی)
- Hushang Ebtehaj (H. A. Sayeh) (هوشنگ ابتهاج)
- Iraj Mirza, poet (ایرج میرزا)
- Iraj Pezeshkzad, novelist (ایرج پزشکزاد)
- Jalal Al-e-Ahmad (جلال آل احمد)
- Zhaleh Amouzegar (ژاله آموزگار)
- Khalilullah Khalili (خلیل الله خلیلی) Poet and writer
- Khosrow Naghed (خسرو ناقد), writer, translator
- Kioumars Saberi Foumani (کیومرث صابری فومنی)
- Loiq Sher-Ali (لائق شیرعلی), poet from Tajikistan
- Leila Kasra, poet and lyricist
- Leila Farjami, poet
- Mahbod Seraji, Writer (مهبد سراجی)
- Mahmoud Dowlatabadi (محمود دولت آبادی)
- Mahmoud Melmasi - Azarm, poet (محمود ملماسي، آزرم)
- Majid Adibzadeh, Writer and scholar (مجید ادیبزاده)
- Majid M. Naini (مجید نایینی), writer, poet, translator, speaker
- Mana Aghaee, poet, author and translator (مانا آقایی)
- Manouchehr Atashi (منوچهر آتشی)
- Marjane Satrapi, graphic novelist
- Maryam Jafari Azarmani (مریم جعفری آذرمانی)
- Massoud Behnoud (مسعود بهنود), journalist
- Mehdi Akhavan-Sales, poet (مهدی اخوان ثالث)
- Mina Assadi, poet, author, journalist and songwriter (مینا اسدی)
- Mirzadeh Eshghi (میرزاده عشقی)
- Mirzo Tursunzoda, Tajik poet
- Mohammad Ali Jamalzadeh, writer (محمد علی جمالزاده)
- Mohammad Hejazi, novelist and playwright
- Mohammad Hossein Shahriar, poet (محمد حسين شهريار)
- Mohammad Jafar Pouyandeh (محمد جعفر پوینده)
- Mohammad Mokhtari(محمد مختاری)
- Mohammad Reza Ali Payam (Haloo), poet (محمدرضا عالیپیام)
- Mohammad Reza Shafiei-Kadkani, poet (محمدرضا شفیعی کدکنی)
- Mohammad-Amin Riahi, scholar and writer (محمدامین ریاحی)
- Mohammad-Reza Shafiei-Kadkani, poet
- Mohammad-Taghi Bahar, poet(محمد تقی بهار)
- Mona Borzouee, poet,lyricist,writer(مونا برزویی)
- Monica Malek-Yonan, playwright
- Morteza Motahhari, theologian (مرتضی مطهری)
- Muhammad Iqbal, poet (محمد اقبال)
- Nader Naderpour, poet (نادر نادرپور)
- Nima Yushij, poet (نیما یوشیج)
- Nosrat Rahmani, poet (نصرت رحمانی)
- Parvin E'tesami, poet (پروین اعتصامی)
- Rahi Mo'ayeri, poet (رهی معیری)
- Reza Baraheni, poet and critic (رضا براهنی)
- Reza Khoshnazar, novelist(رضا خوشبين خوشنظر)
- Reza Gholi Khan Hedayat, poet and historian (رضا قلیخان هدایت)
- Rosie Malek-Yonan, novelist and playwright
- Roya Hakakian, poet, writer, journalist (رویا حکاکیان)
- Saboktakin Saloor, novelist
- Sadegh Choubak, writer (صادق چوبک)
- Sadegh Hedayat (صادق هدایت)
- Sadriddin Ayni (صدرالدين عيني), Tajikistan's national poet and one of the most important writers of the country's history.
- Saeed Nafisi, scholar, poet and writer
- Sahar Delijani, novelist (سحر دلیجانی)
- Samad Behrangi, writer (صمد بهرنگی)
- Shahrnush Parsipur, novelist (شهرنوش پارسیپور)
- Shams Langeroodi, poet (شمس لنگرودی)
- Shamim Hashimi, poet and writer (شمیم ہاشمی)
- Sheema Kalbasi, poet and translator (شیما کلباسی)
- Shima Nesari Haghighi Fard, poet and writer (شیما نثاری حقیقی فرد)
- Siavash Kasraie poet (سیاوش کسرایی)
- Simin Behbahani, poet (سیمین بهبهانی)
- Fatemeh Shams poet (فاطمه شمس)
- Simin Daneshvar, writer (سیمین دانشور)
- Sipandi Samarkandi, Tajik bilingual poet
- Sohrab Sepehri, poet and painter (سهراب سپهری)
- Syed Waheed Ashraf, Poet, Sufi, Scholar, Critic
- Temur Zulfiqorov, Tajik poet (Темур Зулфиқоров)
- Varand, poet (واراند)
- Yadollah Royaee, poet (یدالله رویایی)
- Seysdmeysam aghaseyedhosseini, poet and writer (سید میثم آقا سید حسینی)
- Yasmina Reza, poet (یاسمینا رضا)
- Zoya Pirzad novelist (زویا پیرزاد)
- Avicenna Tisʻ rasāyil fī al-ḥikmah wa-al-ṭabīʻīyāt, Dafʻ al-maḍārr ...
- ;Abbas Kiarostami Walking with the wind
- Doris Lessing The Golden Notebook, The Grass Is Singing, Shikasta
- Mohsen Makhmalbaf Notes about Storywriting and Playwriting, The Cyclist, The Crystal Garden ...
- Fereydoon Hoveyda Les nuits féodales, Les miroirs du Mollah, Dans une terre étrange
- Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi A treatise on the small-pox and measles, The Experimentation of Medical ...
- Omar Khayyám Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám, Omar Khayyām, The second ...
- Ali Shariati Fatemeh Is Fatemeh, Shariati on Shariati and the Muslim Woman: Who Was Ali ...
- Ferdowsi Shahnameh, The Tragedy of Sohrab and Rostam from the Persian National ...
- Ahmad Shamlou Dar jidal ba khamushi, Darbarah-i hunar va adabiyat, Madayih-i bi silah ...
- Marjane Satrapi Persepolis, The Complete Persepolis, Poulet aux prunes
- Al-Biruni The Remaining Signs of Past Centuries, Critical study of what India says, ...
- Hafez Divan-e-Hafez, Dīvān-i Ḥafiẓ, The poems of Hafez
- Gholam-Hossein Saedi Telex Iran, Vay bar maghlub, Zahhak
- Ashk Dahlén Islamic law, epistemology and modernity
- Ali Javan Study of infrared and visible gas lasers
- Mohammad Reza Pahlavi Answer to History, به سوی تمدن بزرگ, انقلاب سفید
- Hossein Amini Snow White and the Huntsman
- Sadegh Hedayat The Blind Owl, The Pearl Cannon, L' abîme
- Farah Diba An Enduring Love: My Life with the Shah
- Nasir al-Din Tusi Ilkhanic Tables, A Treatise on the Astrolabe, The Attributes of the Noble ..
- Alexis Kouros Children of Gondwana
- Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, On the ...
- Masoumeh Ebtekar Takeover in Tehran
- Simin Daneshvar Sarban-e Sargardan, Jazirah-i Sargardani, Savushun
- Abdul-Qadir Gilani Jila' al-Khatir, Revelations of the unseen, Sufficient provision for ...
- Reza Baraheni Kīmiyā va khāk, Muṣībatī zīr-i āftāb, Junūn-i nivishtan
- Lotfi A. Zadeh From Natural Language to Soft Computing: New Paradigms in Artificial
- Mahmoud Dowlatabadi Gavariban, Ruzgar-i siparishudah-i mardum-i salkhvurdah, Safr
- Cassandra Clare City of Bones, Clockwork Princess, Clockwork Angel
- Shusha Guppy The blindfold horse, Three journeys in the Levant, The Secret of Laughter
- Mostafa Ronaghi Prediction of protein orientation upon immobilization on biological and .
- Kader Abdolah My Father's Notebook, Le Voyage des bouteilles vides, De reis van de lege ...
- Nossrat Peseschkian Wenn du willst, was du noch nie gehabt hast, dann tu
- Haleh Afshar The Dynamics Of Race And Gender, Women, Poverty
- Saadi Bustan, Gulista
- Samad Behrangi The Little Black Fish, The tale of the little black fish, Kūrʹūghlū va ...
- Bahram Bayzai
- Reza Aslan No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam
- Forough Farrokhzad The Captive, Another Birth, Rebrllion
- Ali Khamenei Alimam Alsadiq, Ruh Altawhid, Alfahm Alsahih Lil din
- Valentine M. Moghadam From Patriarchy to Empowerment, Gender and National Identity, Patriarchy ..
- Shahrnush Parsipur Touba and the meaning of night
- Fereydoon Batmanghelidj Your Body's Many Cries for Water, Water Cures: Drugs Kill, ABC of Asthma ...
- Roya Hakakian Journey from the Land of N
- Parviz Moin Large eddy simulation of incompressible turbulent channel flow
- Ahmad Karimi-Hakkak Recasting Persian poetre
- Hormoz Farhat The dastgah concept in Persian music
- Reza Pahlavi Winds of Change: The Future of Democracy in Iran, Gozashteh va Ayandeh, ...
- Houshang Golshir;
Ferdosi Pakzad 940 AD-1020 Nezami Ganjavi 1141-1209 Hafez Shirazi
Shamss Tabrizi 1185-1248 Saadi Shirazi 1210-1291 Mahasti 1089-1159
Jalal-Al-Din Rumi Omar Khayam Attar Nishapuri
Abu-Ali Sina Muhammad Zakariya Al-Razi Al- Biruni
A simpler translation that I like:
The sons of Adam are limbs of each other, Having been created of one essence. When the calamity of time affects one limb The other limbs cannot remain at rest. If you have no sympathy for the troubles of others, You are unworthy to be called by the name of a Human. Transliteration: "Bani Aadam `aazaye yek pigarand Keh dar aafarinesh ze yek guharand Cho `ozvi be dard aavarad rozigaar Degar ozvahaa raa namaanad qaraar To kaz mehnate digaraan bi ghami Nashaayad ke naamat nahand Aadami" |